PortStudies
PortStudies (62)
Saturday, 09 June 2012 12:58
Location analysis of dry ports
In a study presented at the recent Special Interest Group 2 of the WCTR Society conference in Antwerp, PortEconomics co-director Theo Notteboom and Zheng Chang provide guidance for an optimal and reasonable dry port layout, with their case-study being the port of Dalian in China. Being a crucial link in the transportation chain, inland terminals have a dramatic influence on transportation chain efficiency. A well-operated dry port helps to cut transportation cost and save transaction time. Not surprisingly, China witnessed a rapid development of dry ports in the past five years. Dry port construction gained great interest from port authorities and inland governments. At present, there are more than fifty dry ports in China. However, the construction boom has resulted in overcapacity, low efficiency and a poor return on investment. Thus, there is a need for seaports and investors to design a reasonable dry port layout plan aimed at allocating and utilizing all the resources in a rational way. You might download the Zheng & Theo's study to learn more of how Fuzzy means clustering might prove a helpful method towards this end @ PortEconomics: 2012-Location analysis of dry ports using Fuzzy C-Means Clustering
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Sunday, 03 June 2012 21:42
Time factor and size distribution of container terminals Featured
The selected scale of a container terminal is the result of a complex interaction between Minimum Efficient Scale (MES) and a number of other factors such as the market size and structures, technological change, the port governance framework and objectives and physical and geographical limitations.PortEconomics members Theo Notteboom and Vicky Kasselimi discussed the issue in a study presented at the recent meeting of the Special interest Group on Maritime Transport (SIG -2) of the World Conference on Transport Research (WCTR) Society, that took place in Antwerp Belgium Building further on previous work on the size distribution of container terminals, Theo and Vicky deploy a revealed preference technique to study the "preferred" scale, which reflects the preferences of port authorities and terminal operators with respect to container terminal size. Their analysis focuses on two assumptions. The first one is that the "preferred scale" of container terminals lies within a range of values. The second assumption is that the "preferred scale" can be deducted from the evolution over time in the size distribution of container terminals. Following an approach based on the basic parameters that (might) affect the "preferred" scale of European container terminals such as the number of terminals inside the port, the involvement of leading terminal operators and the transhipment incidence of the terminal, Vicky and Theo pinpoint the upper and lower limits of the "preferred" scale range and draw conclusions on the extent to which the period in which a terminal is developed affects the "preferred scale".You might download the study via PortEconomics: 2012-Time factor & size of container terminals
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Wednesday, 09 May 2012 16:14
Classics in Port Policy and Management Featured
Classics in Port Policy and Management, is a journey of discovery of the evolution of port studies in the 20th century. PortEconomics co-director Thanos Pallis and associate member Mary Brooks bring together 41 seminal contributions from 50 years of scholarly research in port policy and management, while they discuss the evolution of this emerging research field.Building a foundation of knowledge in port studies is not easy in today's ivory tower. The modern scholar searches the electronic journals readily available in library databases, relies on citation indices to indicate the most important journals in the field and reads few others unless the process of discovery is cherished, not common in the modern time-starved world of the academy. From the perspective of port researchers, many of the more important journals have not been widely adopted by libraries, and some journals are only now seeking to have a citation impact factor. Yet if new scholars in the field want to understand the evolution of port policy and management, they should read the seminal works. The challenge is that only a few libraries retain the dusty "stacks" housing them. This volume intends to address that by making the early work more accessible. In revisiting the key foundations established by previous researchers, the reader of the volume that was just published by Edward Elgar, will discover the knowledge necessary to examine these issues in new contexts and in conjunction with new port business models.'Mary Brooks and Thanos Pallis have sculpted this voluminous and impressive tome from some of the best historical work on the topic of maritime transport. By so doing, they have provided researchers in the field with a highly useable and informative first port of call for any investigation of previous work.'– Kevin Cullinane, Edinburgh Napier University, UKVisit the publisher @ Edward Elgar, to access the Full table of contents, and…
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Monday, 23 April 2012 13:27
Break bulk in seaports Featured
PortEconomics co-director Theo Notteboom in collaboration with Indra Vonck (from ITMMA, University of Antwerp) authored an economic study on break bulk flows and activities in Belgian ports.The study, which was commissioned by ING Bank, was officially presented during a high-level event held in Antwerp at the start of the Masterclass Breakbulk organized by training centre Portilog.The report, which advances the discussion on port competition and cooperation in the region, attracted a lot of attention in Dutch and Belgian press. The break bulk sector remains an important cargo segment despite increased containerisation. The break bulk cargo handling sector contributes in a substantial way to value-added creation and employment in seaports and is an indispensable partner for export-driven industries and import-oriented supply chains. The sector is characterised by an increasing level of diversity and specialisation in cargo flows and supply chain solutions, each with a specific know how of the market players involved. The report examines current market developments in the various break bulk market segments and their impact on the functioning and positioning of the Belgian ports. The report also presents the main challenges and policies for break bulk cargo development in Belgium and its seaports. For further information on this report contact Theo Notteboom @
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Sunday, 08 April 2012 21:05
Liner service networks in container shipping revisited Featured
What is the the relative position of ports in the modern global liner service networks? PortEconomics associate member César Ducruet and co-director Theo Notteboom have recently published a port study on liner service networks in container shipping. The study, which was published in the academic journal Global Networks, presents an analysis of the global liner shipping network in 1996 and 2006 discussing the position of ports through indicators of centrality. The results reveal a certain level of robustness in the global shipping network. While transhipment hub flows and gateway flows might slightly shift among nodes in the network, the network properties remain rather stable in terms of the main nodes polarizing the network and the overall structure of the system. In a second study, that is part of the book Maritime Logistics: A complete guide to effective shipping and port management, (published by Kogan Page, London; edited by Dong-Wook Song and Photis Panayides), Cesar and Theo review the current characteristics of liner shipping networks under three main themes. First, they provides an overview of the different service types of shipping lines and dynamics in liner service configuration and design. Second, a global snapshot of the worldwide liner shipping network is proposed by means of vessel movement data. The contribution concludes by elaborating on the interactions and interdependencies between seaport development and liner shipping network development notably under current economic changes.Download the authors' version of the study: Ducruet, C., and Notteboom, T., (2012), Developing Liner Service Networks in Container Shipping, in: Song, D.W., Panayides, P. (eds.), Maritime Logistics: A complete guide to effective shipping and port management, Kogan Page, London, p. 77-100 @ PortEconomics: Download the authors' version of the study: Ducruet, C., and Notteboom, T., (2012), The worldwide maritime network of container shipping: spatial structure and regional dynamics, published in Global Networks @ PortEconomics
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Thursday, 29 March 2012 10:58
Land productivity of seaport terminals Featured
When considering terminal performance attention is mostly directed toward production factors such as labor, capital and technology within the confines of the physical terrain. Operations on seaport terminals can be further enhanced by optimizing processes and technical upgrades. The role of the general environment, however, often remains neglected.PortEconomics member Member Dries Verbraeken and co-director Theo Notteboom address this issue, in a port study on land productivity of seaport terminals published in the latest issue of International Journal of Decision Sciences, Risk and Management (IJDSRM). Dries and Theo reintroduce exogenous factors to the contemporary land productivity analysis. The study develops a conceptual framework for the identification of relevant exogenous factors and the potential impacts these factors have on the possibilities for the terminal operator to achieve a high land productivity. The conceptual analysis and the related typology of exogenous factors contribute to a more relevant international comparison of terminal productivity which takes into account the complex environment surrounding the terminals considered. Terminal operation experts assess exogenous factors in relation to land productivity. The results indicate that exogenous factors are important in explaining differences in land productivity among ports or in time.Download the authors' version of the study @ PortEconomics: Land productivity of seaport terminals
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Sunday, 18 March 2012 21:21
Creating value in seaports Featured
In conditions of intensified port competition and increased complexity of relations developed between port actors, PortEconomics members Thomas Vitsounis and Thanos Pallis discuss the presence of port value chains and the role of port actors' interdependencies in a chapter included in the edited volume Maritime Logistics: Contemporary Issues, that is now published by Emerald Group publishing.Thomas and Thanos examine the rather under-researched issue of the value creation for port users. Relations developed in seaports fall within business-to-business (B-2-B) frameworks and caused by the interdependencies of port actors. Value measurements are a predictor of behaviour intentions of satisfaction generated for port users. Value in B-2-B markets place extra emphasis on relations developed between services providers and users and the same stands true for seaport configurations. The study analyses how actors in seaports are embedded in network configurations and develop B-2-B relations that result in functional and relational value. The emphasis is on port value chains wherein positioning and effective networking contribute significant to the total value proposition of the various actors involved. Concluding that co-creation of value, via matching resources with upstream and downstream entities, is vital, the chapter details how actors inter- dependence as a significant variable determining the level of co-creating value. The empirical analysis provides insights about the existence of three types of inter-dependencies in ports (namely, serial, pooled and reciprocal) being found in a number of distinctive relationships developed between freight forwarders, shipping lines and key port actors.Maritime Logistics: Contemporary issues is a collective book edited by Prof. Dong-Wook Song (Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh) and Prof. Photis Panayides (Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus). Contemporary practice and scientific innovation consider the logistics aspects of shipping or maritime and seaport operations as one of the most important areas for future development of competitive advantages in business and for study and research. This book…
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Sunday, 19 February 2012 11:06
Cape vs. Suez: A new intermediate hub region in container shipping? Featured
PortEconomics co-director Theo Notteboom published a new port study on the competitive potential of the Cape route in the global liner service network and the prospects of a new intermediate hub region in container shipping, in the scholarly Journal of Transport Geography (vol. 22, pp. 164–178).The Suez Canal plays a pivotal role in today's global container shipping network, in particularly in accommodating vessels sailing on the important Asia-Europe trade lane. The study analyses to what extent and for which trade lanes the Cape route could develop into a competitive alternative to the Suez route. The market potential of the Cape route is analysed using a distance analysis, a transit time analysis and a generalized cost analysis for a large set of O/D relations. Vessel interlining via the port of Algeciras is compared to interlining via the new port of Ngqura in South Africa. The results show that the Cape route has the potential to serve as an alternative to the Suez route on eleven trade lanes. A scenario and sensitivity analysis reveals that interlining via a hub near the Cape is expected to become more competitive due to a combination of higher Suez Canal transit fees, better vessel economics, higher bunker costs, slow steaming practices and subject to a more competitive terminal pricing strategy of southern African transhipment facilities. The expected emergence of the Cape route should be seen as the embodiment of a promising development of south-south trade volumes between Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.The author's version of the paper can be freely downloaded @ PortEconomics.eu: Towards a new intermediate hub region in container shipping?
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Friday, 23 March 2012 11:07
Terminal Concessions in Seaports revisited Featured
The awarding of terminals in seaports are the theme of the latest issue of the Maritime Policy and Management. The issue is co-edited by PortEconomics co-directors Theo Notteboom, and Thanos Pallis, in collaboration with Dr. Sheila Farrell.In many countries around the world, governments and public port authorities have retreated from port operations in the belief that enterprise-based port services and operations would allow for greater flexibility and efficiency in the market (through more competition) and a better response to consumers' demands. In this new environment, the awarding of port terminals to private operators has become common practice. This can takes different forms ranging from management contracts/leases to BOT arrangements, with each type having specific modalities with regard to the spread of investments and of risks. In particular, concession policy has become a powerful governance tool to port managers. Through concession policy, port authorities can retain some control on the organization and structure of the supply side of the port market. The issue of terminal awarding processes has not received a lot of attention in academic circles, while it has become a key issue in port governance.This special issue adds value to the existing knowledged by deepening and broadening the discussion on the award of terminals to private terminal operators. In particular it contains seven port studies address key issues in terminal awarding processes combining theoretical insights with empirical case studies: The ownership and management structure of container terminal concessions, by Sheila Farrell; Concession of the Piraeus container terminal: turbulent times and the quest for competitiveness, by Harilaos N. Psaraftis & PortEconomics co-director Thanos Pallis; Managing port concessions: evidence from Italy, by PortEconomics associate member Francesco Parola along with Alessio Tei & Claudio Ferrari; Awarding of Port PPP contracts: the added value of a competitive dialogue procedure, by Hidde Siemonsma, Wouter Van Nus & Patrick Uyttendaele; A new…
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Friday, 20 January 2012 18:13
Challenges for container river services on the Yangtze River Featured
A new study by PortEconomics co-director Theo Notteboom on the challenges for container river services on the Yangtze River will soon in the latest issue of the scholarly journal Research in Transportation Economics.China plays an increasingly important role on the international economic scene and in global supply chains. Initially only coastal regions participated in global supply chains, but in recent years comparative cost advantages have led to an increased participation of inland destinations in China's economic development. The growth of some inland regions has urged logistics players to revise and reconfigure their extensive logistics networks. This has been particularly the case in the Yangtze region. Upstream cities such as Chongqing are emerging as potential important production centres for the international markets.Theo's study discusses the challenges for container barge services on the Yangtze River to Chongqing. It is argued that a further strengthening of the global market position of Chongqing and other upstream locations demands further improvements in transport-related and logistical cost control and reliability. The performance of container river services on the Yangtze River is crucial for upstream economic regions to take part in world trade. The study analyzes the costs aspects linked to transporting goods to the world markets and makes a comparison to gateway region Shanghai.You can download the author's version of the paper @ PortEconomics: Challenges for container river services on the Yangtze River
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